竹粉纳米化制备方法的研究——文献综述
摘要:
我国拥有大量的天然竹材资源,在竹产品的工业化利用中,我们通常使用的竹材中的维管束作为强化材料等,课题组前期利用180℃高温饱和蒸汽法分离出竹纤维束,剩余大量竹粉即薄壁组织,数量高达50%,其它竹产品生产过程也会剩余大量竹粉。大多数焚烧掉,或者被直接丢弃,不仅造成资源的浪费,也污染了环境。本研究目的是以最低的成本,通过最简洁的处理方式,对竹粉进行纳米化处理,将其最终制作成可降解的复合膜,同时响应国家绿色发展的号召,为竹子综合利用、节能减排和发展低碳经济开辟新的途径。
关键词:竹粉;纤维素;半纤维素;木质素;高温热处理;纳米化;超细粉体;制备方法
China has a large number of natural bamboo resources. In the industrial utilization of bamboo products, we usually use the vascular bundles of bamboo as strengthening materials. In the early stage of the research group, the bamboo fiber bundles were separated by 180 ℃ high temperature saturated steam method. A large amount of bamboo powder, i.e. thin-walled tissue, with a quantity of up to 50%, will be left in the production process of other bamboo products. Most of them are burned or discarded directly, which not only causes waste of resources, but also pollutes the environment. The purpose of this study is to make bamboo powder into degradable composite membrane at the lowest cost through the simplest treatment, and to respond to the call of national green development, so as to open up a new way for comprehensive utilization of bamboo, energy conservation and emission reduction, and development of low-carbon economy.
1.实验的内容:
- 新鲜竹材在高温饱和蒸汽处理中热处理后,薄壁组织易被破坏,在外力的作用下很容易分离出纤维束和竹粉,测试该处理方法得到竹粉的具体形貌和组分。
利用不同种方法将所得竹粉进行纳米化处理,得到不同晶型的纳米化竹粉或溶液,并探究出最优化的制备方法。为提高竹材在实际应用中的利用率及其附加值。
2.实验特点及目标:
本实验采用材料竹粉,其为经过特殊处理即高温饱和蒸汽热处理后,分离出竹维管束等组织所剩余的的竹粉。本实验以找出成本最低、最环保、最优化的制备方法为最终目标。
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