菊花化学成分与药理活性的研究进展摘要:菊花主要含有黄酮类、三萜类、挥发油类、有机酸类等化学成分。
具有抗氧化、抗衰老、抗肿瘤、调血脂、抑菌、耐疲劳、抗黑色素沉着、免疫调节和促进胆固醇代谢等药理作用。
对近 20年来,国内外对菊花的化学成分和药理作用研究进展进行综述,为进一步研发利用该植物资源提供参考。
关键词:菊花;黄酮类;三萜类;挥发油类;抗氧化;抑菌A summary of research progress on active ingredients and pharmacological effects of different varieties of chrysanthemumAbstract: Chrysanthemum mainly contains flavonoids, triterpenoids, volatile oils, organic acids and other chemical components. Anti-oxidation, anti-aging, anti-tumor, blood lipid regulation, antibacterial, fatigue, anti-melanin pigmentation, immune regulation and promote cholesterol metabolism and other pharmacological effects. For the past 20 years, the research progress on the chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of chrysanthemum has been reviewed at home and abroad, which provides a reference for the further development and utilization of this plant resource.Key words: Chrysanthemum; Flavonoids; Triterpenes; Volatile oils; Antioxidant; Antibacterial引言菊花为菊科菊属植物菊Chrysanthemum morifoliuin Ramat.的干燥花,既是名贵的观赏花卉也是药食同源植物。
每年9~11月份菊花盛开时分批采收,阴干、焙干或熏蒸后晒干,菊花茶是喜闻乐见的健康饮品,菊花酒也是金秋时节必喝佳酿。
中医理论认为菊花性甘、味苦,微寒;归肺、肝经;可散风,平肝明目,清热解毒[1]。
临床上菊花主要用于治疗风热感冒、头痛眩晕、目赤肿痛、眼目昏花及疮痈肿毒[2]。
在多类中成药里菊花都为主要成分,如桑菊饮颗粒、杞菊地黄丸及菊花茶调散等;菊花还被制成大量的保健品供人们使用,如菊花药枕、菊花床垫等。
菊花种类繁多,在药材市场上就有杭菊、亳菊、贡菊、滁菊、祁菊、怀菊、济菊和黄菊8大主流商品[3]。
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