板材优化切割方案研究综述
摘要： 本文综述将目前人造板行业的板材切割最优方案问题简化成最常见的二维装箱问题，即不连续，高度非线性的NP问题。介绍了针对此类问题的'Shelves'、'Guillotine'、'MaxRects'、'Skyline'等传统算法，但结果仅仅是较优的局部最优解，其解对木板规格有很大的依赖性。针对上述传统算法的弊端，建立数学模型，进而重点介绍了一个基于种群迭代，基因变异的种群遗传算法，及其通过迭代对局部最优解的校正原理。最后展望了板材切割优化方案对提高板材利用率和加工效率以节约原材料、以及对我国人造板行业和板式家具制造业的重要意义。
关键词：人造板；二维装箱；基因算法；迭代；最优
Summary of the research on the optimal cutting scheme of wood panel
Abstract: In this study summarizing, the optimal cutting scheme of panel in wood-based panel industry is reduced to the most common 'two-dimensional packing' problem, that is, the discontinuous, highly nonlinear NP problem. Traditional algorithms such as 'Shelves', 'Guillotine', 'MaxRects' and 'Skyline' for this kind of problems are introduced. Aiming at the disadvantages of the traditional algorithm, a mathematical model is established, furthermore, a population genetic algorithm based on population iteration and gene variation, and the correction principle of local optimal solution through iteration are introduced. Finally, the significance of the optimized cutting scheme for improving the utilization rate and processing efficiency of sheet metal to save raw materials, as well as for the wood-based panel industry and panel furniture manufacturing industry in China is prospected.
keywords: wood-based panel, two-dimensional packing, genetic algorithm, iteration, optimal
0绪论
人造板板材切割问题对应的本质问题即二维矩阵排样优化问题，是指在给定的材料区域内,找出被排零件的全局最优排布,使得材料利用率最高,且零件互不重叠。假设在一块长2500mm,宽1600mm的板材A中，需要锯解出1、2、3、4、5共五种产品，使得A的利用率最大，则最优切割方案图如图1所示，这便是板材切割优化问题的最直观说明。
人造板锯切优化排样和排样方案数控程序的生成对提高我国板式家具制造业中人造板材锯切排样加工的生产效率，降低企业生产成本具有重要的理论意义和实际价值。目前，现有国产排样系统基于整体套排思路而生成的排样方案使裁板锯在工作过程中锯路变化繁琐、切割效率略低，亟需在有限的原材料上寻求科学、有效的方法切割出更多的板材。优化设计排样可以降低企业生产成本、提高企业核心竞争力、最大化企业经济效益。
以上是毕业论文文献综述，课题毕业论文、任务书、外文翻译、程序设计、图纸设计等资料可联系客服协助查找。
