摘要: 水凝胶是具有物理或化学交联形成的3D网络结构。由于具有灵活性，含水率高和良好的生物相容性等一系列优势，是生物医学，组织工程，可穿戴电子设备，柔性传感器，仿生电子设备等应用的有希望的候选者。然而，传统水凝胶的机械性能差是扩大其应用范围的障碍。因此制造坚固的水凝胶是促进其广泛应用的重中之重。当前，由于对环境污染和资源短缺的日益关注，将生物质和可生物降解的原料用于高性能水凝胶具有重要意义。木质素是仅次于纤维素的第二大生物质资源，是一种廉价，易于获得，无毒且生态友好的生物聚合物，具有自然生物降解性，被认为是“绿色材料”的有价值的候选者。研究制备的基于双网络结构的高力学性能木质素基水凝胶有望在电容器、传感器等领域发挥重大作用。
关键词：双网络结构水凝胶，木质素，二硫化物，电容器，传感器。
Abstract: Hydrogel is a 3D network structure formed by physical or chemical cross-linking. With a series of advantages such as flexibility, high moisture content, and good biocompatibility, it is a promising candidate for applications in biomedicine, tissue engineering, wearable electronics, flexible sensors, bionic electronics, etc. However, the poor mechanical properties of traditional hydrogels are an obstacle to expanding their application. Therefore, making a strong hydrogel is a top priority to promote its wide application. At present, due to increasing attention to environmental pollution and resource shortages, it is of great significance to use biomass and biodegradable raw materials for high-performance hydrogels. Lignin is the second largest biomass resource after cellulose. It is a cheap, easily available, non-toxic and eco-friendly biopolymer with natural biodegradability and is considered to be a valuable 'green material' Candidate. The high mechanical properties of lignin-based hydrogels based on the dual network structure prepared by the research are expected to play a significant role in capacitors, sensors and other fields.
Keywords: Dual network structure hydrogel,Lignin, Disulfide, Capacitor,Sensor.
前言
传统水凝胶使用纯水作为分散介质的不可避免地在低于零的温度下冻结。因此这种水凝胶不能保持机械性能，这严重限制了其在低温下的实际应用。开发制备工艺简单、易于规模化生产、绿色经济的耐低温型木质素基水凝胶仍然是一个挑战。在本课题中，要运用木质素来制备功能型粒子，引入柔性高分子，通过化学聚合反应以及溶剂置换的方法来制备多功能型耐低温双网络木质素基水凝胶，扩大了木质素在柔性材料的应用范围。
1.超级电容器
超级电容器是一种兼具二次电池的性能和传统电容器性能的一种新型储能装置，超级电容器又被成为电化学电容器、超大容量电容器、金电容器[1]。
与其他储能装置性能参数的比较情况如表1.1所示。
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