文献综述
文 献 综 述汞污染现状和处理技术研究进展摘要：面对日趋严重的汞污染, 现行的处理技术分为生物处理和物理化学处理, 生物去除率高但却处理流程长并不适用于大规模去除汞污染废水。
而传统物理化学处理工艺流程如化学沉淀等, 虽然效率高但去除率低且容易造成二次污染。
吸附法可以高效清洁无污染处理汞污染废水, 其中以功能化金属有机框架（MOFs）新型吸附剂表现优异。
本文系统论述了我国汞污染水体和土壤环境下调查现状和汞污染处理技术研究现状, 以期为汞污染的防治提供参考。
关键词：汞污染；吸附；金属有机框架；功能化。
Research progress of mercury pollution status and treatment technologyAbstract: In the face of increasingly serious mercury pollution, the current treatment technologies are divided into biological treatment and physical chemical treatment. The biological removal rate is high but the treatment process is long, which is not suitable for large-scale removal of mercury-contaminated wastewater. The traditional physical and chemical treatment process such as chemical precipitation, etc. , although the efficiency is high, the removal rate is low and it is easy to cause secondary pollution. The adsorption method can efficiently and cleanly treat mercury-contaminated wastewater, among which novel adsorbents with functionalized metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) perform well. This paper systematically discusses the current status of investigations in my countrys mercury-polluted water and soil environments and the research status of mercury pollution treatment technologies, in order to provide a reference for the prevention and control of mercury pollution. Key words: mercury pollution; adsorption; metal organic framework; functionalization. 1. 引言汞(Hg)作为生物毒害性最强的重金属污染五毒之一, 不仅于全球环境广泛存在, 而且可通过生物放大作用在环境中不断生物积累, 最终危害人体健康[1]。
汞对人体健康的危害与其分布环境密切相关。
按照污染环境分类, 汞污染主要表现在汞污染水体和土壤环境, 其中污染物以甲基汞形式为主[2]。
2. 汞污染环境的调查现状汞污染在全球范围内的水体和土壤环境内都普遍存在, 以美国为例。
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