ITS Control of Highways Capacity
Abstract
The article describes the potential for capacity increase of a highway section with use of intelligent transport systems. The implementation results in significant reduction of congestion and accident rate decrease on a highway. It is referring to the first linear control project in the Czech Republic implemented on the automobile ring road around Prague.
Keywords: intelligent transport systems (ITS); capacity; linear control
Introduction
The problems associated with the annual growth of automobile transport start spreading from large metropolitan cities to small towns. The level of motorization in the Eastern European countries is about 400 vehicles per 1000 persons of the population. Thereby, the population size as well as the number of automobiles is uneven in different countries.
Considering the fact that during the period until 2020 the share of cargo transportation is expected to increase by 50% and the share of passenger transportation by 35%, the issues demand to be expediently solved. However, the implementation of intelligent transport systems (ITS) is rather slow and in general goes without any coordination between transport agencies of different countries and sometimes even regions of one state. It results in fractionary structure of decisions on intrastate, regional, and local levels and non-availability of regulatory standards, which threatens the integrity of the transport services market.
Main text
In Europe and lately in Russia as well as in the Eurasian Economic Union countries the focus is put on the elaboration and implementation of telematics applications as a low-cost and efficient mean for improving the existing transport situation. The European Union adopted the document (95/C 264/01) “On deployment of telematics in the road transport sector” [Commission of the European Communities (2008)]. Besides, the European Commission prepared the documents for expediting and coordination of ITS on vehicles. The action plan determines the priority fields of activities:
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